关于完善我国违宪审查制度的若干思考

Thoughts on Improving China's Constitutional Review System

违宪审查制度是指享有违宪审查权的国家机关对违反宪法的行为(包括制定违宪的法律、法规和其他违宪行为)进行合宪性审查,以确定其是否违宪的法律制度。究竟由何种机构、以何种程序来纠正违宪、追究违宪并给予相应的救济取决于一个国家的政治理念和制度安排。不可否认,我国目前违宪审查制度的实践效果并不理想。甚至有学者认为,从严格的意义上说,我国并不存在违宪审查制度。从理论和实践两个层面进行剖析,并结合国外的相关经验,对我国违宪审查制度的完善提出切实可行的建议,既是一个迫切的理论课题,也是一个迫切的实践课题。

Constitutional Review System means that the state organs which own the fight to review the constitutionality of acts（ including the enactment of unconstitutional laws on regulations, and other unconstitutional acts）. What is the body and by which procedure to correct unconstitutional actions depend on a country＇s political ideas and institutional arrangements. China＇s current examination system is the unique model in the world. However, we can not be optimistic on its operation. Some scholars even believe that China has no constitutional review system. This paper will try to research this issue and to offer some advice to improve China＇s constitutional review system.