微拉深成形现状及其发展

State of the art in microdrawing and the development

随着微电子机械的飞速发展,产品的微型化已成为工业界不可阻挡的趋势。微拉深作为微成形加工中的一种重要加工方法,已在医疗器械、微机械等行业得到广泛的应用。但微成形加工中表现出来的尺寸效应及晶粒大小对微成形加工的影响,使微拉深成为全新的领域,传统拉伸理论已无法继续使用。讨论了尺寸效应、晶粒大小、摩擦对微拉深的影响,并对微拉深的成形方法、微模具的加工方法及材料的选择、微成形材料、微拉深装置进行了介绍。

With the rapid development of MEMS（Micro electronic mechanical system）, microminiatur ization of products has been inevitable in industry. Microdrawing has became an important machining process in microforming technolgy, which has been successfully applied in medical appliances, mico mechanical area etc. However, the aspects including the size effect appeared in the microfabrication ahd the influence of crystal grain size on microforming, make microdrawing a challenging field. The traditional theory of drawing cannot be extended into this new microforming area.The effects of size effect, crystal grain size and friction on microdrawing are discussed. Meanwhile, different microdrawing processes, the machining methods and material selection for micromould, the material of microforming and microdrawing device are introduced.