砌石坝老化病害成因及治理加固技术

THE CAUSES OF AGING DISEASES AND REINFORCES TECHNIQUES FOR STONE MASONRY DAM

根据对大量砌石坝实地考察及国内外相关资料评析,将砌石坝老化病害归纳为应力超强和稳定性差、裂缝和断裂、渗水和漏水、溶蚀和潜蚀、冻融和剥蚀、松石和脱皮、水质侵蚀以及强度衰减和刚度降低等类型。上述病害有的是由自然老化或环境因素变化所致,有的是因设计安排不周、施工掌握不严、砌筑材料质量差、使用功能改变遭受超设计荷载等原因造成的。无论是哪种原因造成,其总的危害都是影响工程安全,逐渐发展会使正常坝变成病坝,病坝变成险坝,甚至导致溃坝失事,须及时治理加固。文中简要介绍了坝体灌浆、培厚加固、铺镶卷材、换面嵌缝以及喷涂防渗面层等行之有效的砌石坝病害治理加固技术。

By surueging of a great deal of stone masonry dams and analgzing of domestic and overseas datum, aging diseases of the stone masonry dams can be divided into strong stress and bad stability, crack and breakage, water seepage and leakage, corrosion and subsurface erosion, freeze - thaw and abrasion, loose rock and shed skin, water quality erosion, strength decrease and stiffness degradation types analgzing. Some of the above - mentioned diseases are produced by natural aging or the change of environment factor. Others are produced by culpable arrangement, undemanding construction, bad quality build materials or exceeding designed load because of the function change etc. Whether whith reason,it must affect the engineering safety, Then the gradual development will make the normal dam become the disease dam, the disease dam become insurance dam, even cause dam crash. So the dam must be reinforced in time. In this paper, some aging diseases and effective reinforced techniques for stone masonry dam are mentioned, such as dam body grouting, dam body thicdening reinforce, changing face and veneer jointing, injecting watertight facing.