杏叶片矿质营养研究进展

Research on mineral nutrients of apricot leaf

杏是我国最古老的栽培果树之一,杏花败育造成结实率低是当前杏生产中普遍存在的主要问题。矿质元素是果树生长结实不可缺少的重要营养物质,植物叶营养分析已成为了解植物体内营养状况,进行矿质营养研究的一种基本手段。研究杏叶片矿质营养对探索杏花败育原理、杏树营养育种等都具有理论和实用意义,也为合理施肥以改善杏果实品质提供依据。我们根据近几年来杏叶片营养分析技术的研究成果,总结了杏树叶片矿质营养的研究方法、影响因素、动态变化以及叶片矿质元素含量与产量、果实品质等的关系,结合我国杏生产中存在的问题,提出了今后杏矿质营养研究的方向。

As one of the most traditionally cultivated fruit trees, apricot （A rmeniaca vulgaris L. ）is native to China. The key problems in the current apricot production of China are pistil abortion, flower dropping, and low fruit setting, which reduced the economic income of apricot growers and limited the development of apricot industry, so raising the apricot fruit setting rate is the important approach for the current apricot production. The mineral elements are the foundation for optimized growth, high yield and top quality. The diagnosis of leaf mineral nutrition is useful for the understanding of mineral elements needs, absorption and accumulation status inside fruit trees, and is thus an area of fundamental importance for investigating the causes of apricot flowers abortion, the apricot nutrition-effective breeding, and fertilizer application to improve the apricot fruit quality. According to the result of the leaf analysis technique applied on the apricot in the last few years, this paper summarized the methods of apricot leaf mineral nutrition analysis, the factors related, the dynamic changes of leaf mineral nutrition content, the relationships between the leaf mineral element contents and apricot yields, fruit qualities etc. The future works on the apricot mineral nutrition research are prospected.