建筑行业农民工生存质量及影响因素分析

Analysis of quality of life and its influencing factors among peasant-workers in construction site

目的了解从事建筑工作农民工的生存质量,探讨其生存质量的影响因素,为制定相应的改善措施提供依据。方法采用世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表(WHOQOL-BREF)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)对安徽省合肥市及周边地区中铁某局11个建筑工地的696名农民工及349名正式职工进行匿名问卷调查。结果农民工生理、心理、社会关系及环境各领域得分分别为(14.78±2.09),(13.45±2.29),(14.41±2.70)和(11.98±2.46)分,其中生理、心理领域得分低于正常人群,心理领域得分低于正式职工,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多元回归分析表明,影响生理领域得分的因素有社会支持总分、家庭住址;影响心理领域得分的因素有社会支持总分;影响社会关系领域得分的因素有社会支持总分、月收入、婚姻、客观支持;影响环境领域得分的因素有社会支持总分、打工时间、平均回家时间间隔、年龄。结论建筑工地农民工生存质量不理想,可能存在生理、心理等方面的健康问题,提供良好的社会支持、增加工资收入、降低工作强度等将会改善农民工的生存质量。

Objective To investigate the quality of life and its influencing factors among peasant - workers in construction sites in Hefei city and to provide basis for developing interventions. Methods The WHOQOL - BREF and SSRS questionnaire were used among 686 peasant - workers in construction site in Hefei city. Results Scores of the physiological domain, psychological domain, social relation domain, and environmental domain of QOL were 14.78 ± 2.09, 13.45 ± 2.29, 4.41± 2.70, 1.98 ± 2.46, respectively. Scores of the physiological and psychological domain were lower than that of normal population. Scores of the psychological domain were lower than that of regular staff. The result from multiple regression showed that the main factors which affected the physiological domain were social support, home address. Factor which affected the psychological domain was social support. Factors which affected the social relation domain were social support, wage and marital status. Factors which affected the environmental domain were social support, time of being general labour, average intervals of going home and age. Conclusion Peasant - workers in construction sites have a bad life quality, they may suffer from some physiological and psychological problems.