装修居室内甲醛污染对儿童哮喘影响的卫生学调查

Formaldehyde pollution of indoor decoration on the health impact of childhood asthma investigation

目的:了解室内装修装饰材料所释放的甲醛对儿童哮喘的影响。方法:采用病例-对照流行病学研究设计,通过问卷收集50例哮喘儿童(病例组)及50例非哮喘儿童(对照组)相关信息,测定并比较两组以及不同装修程度(毛坯房、简装修、精装修)居室空气中甲醛的浓度,并分析2组儿童哮喘的症状和体征。结果:病例组室内空气中甲醛浓度[(0.130±0.041)mg/m3]、甲醛超标率(60%)明显高于对照组[(0.085±0.022)mg/m3、24%];精装修居室内空气中甲醛的超标率(50%)明显高于简装修(33%)和毛坯房(0)(P<0.05);病例组儿童哮喘刺激性干咳、大量白粘痰、呼吸困难、烦躁不安、被迫坐位、伴腹痛、听诊有哮鸣音的发生率明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:居室装修致使室内甲醛浓度升高对儿童呼吸系统带来显著的影响。

Objective： To explore interior decoration decorative materials of formaldehyde released by the impact on children with asthma. Methods： A case-control epidemiological study design, through questionnaires collected 50 cases of children with asthma （case group） and 50 patients with non-asthmatic children （control group） information, the study of living of formaldehyde in indoor air concentrations and compared between the two groups as well as different decoration level （the rough, simple decoration, refined decoration） of formaldehyde in indoor air concentrations of the two groups of children and the signs and symptoms of asthma. Results： Case Group of formaldehyde in indoor air concentration [（0. 130±0. 041） mg/ ma], formaldehyde exceeding rate （60%） was significantly higher [（0. 085±0. 022） mg/ma, 24%]; fine decoration in the room formaldehyde in the air exceeding rate （50%） was significantly higher than that Jianzhuangxiu （33%） and the rough （0） （P 〈0.05）; cases of childhood asthma irritating cough Group, a large number of present phlegm, difficulty in breathing, irritability, forced sitting, with abdominal pain, the sound auscultation have Wheezing incidence was significantly higher （P〈0.01）. Conclusions： Indoor decoration which increased indoor formaldehyde concentrations of children respiratory bring about significant impact.