免疫固定电泳技术在多发性骨髓瘤鉴定中的应用

Immunofixation electrophoresis in the identification of multiple myeloma

目的:探讨免疫固定电泳技术在多发性骨髓瘤(MM)鉴定中的应用价值。方法:对34例多发性骨髓瘤患者血清进行血清蛋白、免疫球蛋白定量和免疫固定电泳检测。结果:34例病人血清蛋白电泳检出单克隆蛋白带(M带)IgG型、IgA型、IgM型和游离轻链型的比例分别为67.6%、11.8%、2.9%和14.7%;IgG型I、gA型和IgM型M带多在γ区,游离轻链型多在β区;在轻链型中,κ型58.8%、λ型41.2%,其中IgG型、IgA型以κ型为主,单纯轻链型以λ型为主。免疫球蛋白定量显示:M蛋白所属免疫球蛋白部分显著增高,其它免疫球蛋白显著降低。结论:血清蛋白免疫固定电泳技术能快速、准确地进行MM鉴定,对MM的诊断、病情判断、治疗及预后评估具有重要的临床价值。

Objective：To evaluate the application of immunofixation electrophoresis（IFE） in the identification of multiple myeloma（MM）.Methods：Serum samples from 34 patients with MM were detected for serum protein and immunoglobulin level by agarose electrophoresis,quantitative measurement and immunofixation electrophoresis.Results：M bands appeared in 34 serum samples,in which IgG,IgA, IgM and free light chain type accounted for 67.6%,11.8%,2.94% and 14.7%,respectively,in all of the M protein.IgG,IgA and IgM were seen in γ zone while the light chain types appeared in β zone.By sorting the light chain types,κ type accounted for 58.8% and λ type,41.2%.The major M protein of IgG and IgA was κ type and the light chain types were λ type.Concentration of immunoglobulin containing monoclonal protein increased significantly.Conclusion：Serum protein immunofixation electrophoresis can be valuable in diagnosis of MM for its rapidness and accuracy in determination.