农业技术的公共性及其研发主体研究

The Publicness of Agriculture Technology and Its R&D Major Body

农业技术创新活动具有较强的公共性。公共性的差异决定了其在技术创新活动中政府与企业的主体关系。依据非排他性由强到弱的程度,可以将农业技术分为三类:纯公共性农业技术、半公共性农业技术、专有性农业技术。根据农业技术非排他性或者公共性的强弱程度采判断政府和企业的介入程度,为不同领域的农业技术研发确定不同的研发主体,理清在农业技术研发活动中的政府和企业关系。

Agricultural technological innovation has a strong publicness whose differences determine its relationship between the government and the enterprises. According to the non-excludability from high degree to low degree, agricultural technology can be divided into three groups： pure public agricultural technology, quasi-public agricultural technology, exclusive agricultural technology. The intervention of the government and the enterprises in R＆D can be judged by the degree of non-excludability and publicness of agricultural technology, which determines the major function of agricultural technology in different fields. Thus the relation between the government and the enterprises in agricultural technology is clear.