胸腺囊肿(附16例报道)

Thymic Cysts: a Report of 16 Cases

目的:探讨胸腺囊肿的诊断、治疗。方法:天津市医科大学附属肿瘤医院1960年1月至2007年6月共收治胸腺囊肿16例,其中男5例,女11例;年龄22～78岁,平均44.6岁;病期2天～2年,平均99.8天。术前胸片、CT、MRI检查诊断:胸腺囊肿1例,皮样囊肿1例,14例诊断前纵隔肿瘤(前上纵隔肿瘤12例,前中纵隔肿瘤2例)。结果:16例均行手术治疗,其中15例完整切除:胸骨柄上颈横切口3例,胸骨正中切口3例,左腋径第二肋间切口1例,右后外切口5例,左后切口3例。1例右纵隔胸腺囊肿与心包及上腔静脉粘连,未能全切除。病理检查:肿瘤有完整包膜,囊肿,内含暗红色液体,多为单层。病理诊断为胸腺囊肿,无手术并发症,随访4个月～10年,患者完全生存。结论:胸腺囊肿为纵隔良性肿瘤,易误诊,但囊肿必须有胸腺组织才能确诊,手术切除可治疗。

Objective：To investigate the clinical diagnosis and treatment of thymic cysts. Methods： From January 1960 to June 2007, 16 cases of thymic cysts were treated with resection, including 5 males and 11 females with an average age of 46.6 years （22-78 years）. The course of thymic cysts was 2 days to 2 years, and the average course was 99.8 days. Results： Of all the patients, 15 cases underwent complete resection, and one case received partial resection. No complications were observed. The follow up duration ranged from 4 months to 10 years, and no recurrence was observed during this period. Conclusion： Thymic cysts are benign tumors of the mediastinum anti are easily misdiagnosed. Thymic tissues seen in the specimen is the criteria for pathological diagnosis of thymie cysts. Complete resection can cure thymic cysts.