我院2002年～2005年抗菌药物的使用与革兰阴性细菌耐药性分析

An analysis on antibacterial drug use and drug resistance of Gram-negative bacilli from 2002 to 2005

目的探讨我院抗菌药物使用量与耐药性之间的关系。方法统计2002年～2005年抗菌药物的用药频度,并对用药频度和革兰阴性细菌耐药性进行分析。结果4年来5类常用抗菌药物的总DDDs增长了13.6%,其中头孢菌素类与氟喹诺酮类分别处于前两位。4年间分离的主要致病菌以革兰阴性菌为主。哌拉西林/三唑巴坦、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、头孢呋辛、头孢吡肟用药频度分别增长22%、18%、197%、283%,病原菌对其耐药率也明显增高。其余抗菌药物的限定日剂量(defined daily dose,DDD)值变化不一,但耐药性普遍升高。结论2002年～2005年本院分离的常见革兰阴性菌对各种常用药物的耐药性逐年增加,常用抗菌药物的耐药率的增长与其年用量增加呈相关性。

Objective To investigate the correlation between the consumption of antibacterial drug and the bacterial drug resistance in our hospital. Methods To get the stats of DDDs of antibacterial drug from 2002 to 2005, and analyze the correlation between DDDs and drug resistance of Gram-negative bacilli. Results The total DDDs for 5 common-use antibacterial drugs were increased by 13.6% in the last 4 years, of which cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones were the top two. Gram-negative bacilli were the main illness-causing bacilli. The DDDs for piperacilin/tazobactam, cefoperazone/sulbactam, cefuroxime and cefepime were increased by 22%, 18%, 197% and 283% respectively. The defined daily dose （DDDs） of other antibacterial drug varied differently, but as a whole the drug resistance was increased. Conclusion Drug resistance to each commonly-used antibacterial drug appeared to be increased in Gram-negative bacilli isolated in our hospital from 2002 to 2005. There was a certain correlation between the resistance rates of some antibacterial drug and their consumption.