交替温度变化对军标霉菌孢子萌发和菌丝体生长的影响

Effect of Alternating Temperature on the Spore Sprouting and the Mycelium Growing of the Military Standard Molds

为弄清交替温度变化对军标霉菌孢子萌发和菌丝体生长的影响，采用载片培养和液体振荡培养方法，将5种军标霉菌分别接种到PDA固体培养基和液体培养基中，在交替温度（30±1）℃和（25±1）℃，湿度（95±5）％的条件下培养，每30min一次，定时取样观察测定孢子萌发和菌丝生长，同时与恒温条件培养相比较。结果表明：交替温度的变化培养能够提高孢子酶活力、打破孢子休眠状态，有利于霉菌孢子萌发和菌丝生长；交替温度条件下，孢子萌发速度比恒温培养速度快，所需时间缩短40～50min；菌丝体生长速度快，在交替温度条件下，菌丝平均长度是恒温度条件下的1．06～1．13倍；菌丝体生物量平均是恒温度条件下的1．08～1．17倍。这为军标霉菌试验采用“交替温度条件”提供了可靠的理论依据。

In order to clarify the effect of alternating temperature on the spore sprouting and the mycelium growing of the military standard molds, five kinds of the molds were separately vaccinated in the PDA solid and liquid media by the slide and liquid shake raise methods. The sprouted spore and the grown mycelium were sampled, observed and measured once every 30 min at the alternating temperatures of （30± 1） ℃ and （25 ±1） ℃, the humidity of （95±5） %, and compared with those sprouted and grown at constant temperature. Under the condition of the alternating temperature, the experi- mental results show that the mold vitality is improved, the spore dormant state is broken to the advan- tage of the spore sprouting and the mycelium growing; the spore sprouting speed is quicker than that at constant temperature, the required time is shorter by 40-50 min; the mycelium average length is 1.06-1.13 times as much as that at constant temperature; the mycellum biomass average is 1.08- 1.17 times as much as that at constant temperature. The experiment provides a reliable theory basis for adopting the alternating temperature condition in the military standard molds.