厦门海底隧道防排水系统研究与工程应用

Study and Engineering Application of Waterproofing and Drainage System in Xiamen Subsea Tunnel

为了对中国海底隧道防排水系统设计提供理论依据,针对厦门海底隧道防排水系统设计问题进行了研究。通过对隧道涌水量进行计算,对堵水注浆圈作用进行分析并结合工程类比后,分析确定了厦门海底隧道的防排水设计原则及方案,即在主隧道不良地质地段和整个服务隧道采用全封堵方案,水压按全水头计算;在主隧道完整围岩地段采用限量排放方案,水压可进行一定折减。用堵水注浆圈、自防水衬砌结构、分区防水系统和隧道排水系统共同构成厦门海底隧道的防排水系统。现场工程实践表明:该防排水系统达到了预期效果,可供类似隧道工程参考。

In order to provide the theoretical basis for design of waterproofing and drainage system for subsea tunnel in China, some key problems for design of waterproofing and drainage system were studied based on Xiamen Subsea Tunnel. By calculation of water flow into tunnel and theoretical analysis for effect of blocking grouting circle combined with engineering analogy, the design principle and project of waterproofing and drainage system for Xiamen Subsea Tunnel were performed. Two kinds of waterproofing and drainage styles, absolute blocking water and water discharge limiting, were adopted in the tunnel. The former style was used in the whole service tunnel and the unfavorable geology parts of the main tunnel, and the water pressure acting on tunnel lining was calculated with the total water head. The latter style was used in the favorable geology parts of the main tunnel, and the water pressure acting on the tunnel lining could be decreased to a certain degree. Blocking grouting circle, waterproofing lining structure, partition waterproofing system and drainage system constituted the waterproofing and drainage system for Xiamen Subsea Tunnel. Field practice indicates that the waterproofing and drainage system works perfectly and can be referenced by the similar tunnel engineering.