爆炸碎片撞击圆柱薄壁储罐的有限元模拟分析

Finite element simulation analysis on explosion debris impacting thin-wall cylindrical tanks

爆炸所产生的碎片会对周围设施及装置安全造成极大的威胁,为定量研究撞击对结构稳定性及结构强度的影响,采用LS-DYNA软件,对爆炸碎片撞击下的圆柱薄壁储罐动力学响应进行了数值模拟研究.结果表明,随着碎片撞击速度、横截面积的增加及撞击角度的减少,储罐变得越来越不稳定.随着碎片撞击速度、横截面积的增加及碎片密度的减小,储罐结构强度逐渐失效.碎片撞击速度相同时,立方体碎片的撞击对储罐稳定性和结构强度的影响大于圆柱形碎片.碎片撞击角度为10°时,合成加速度最大,为115 m/s2,此时储罐强度损失最大,导致储罐失效.碎片密度对储罐结构稳定性的影响可忽略不计.

Debris resulted from explosion can threaten equipments safety around. In order to quantitively study the effect of impact on structure stability and structure strength, LS-DYNA software was used to research the dynamic response of thin-wall cylindrical tank to the debris impact. The results indicate that tank becomes more and more unstable with increase of debris impacting speed and debris cross-section area and with decrease of debris impacting angle. Structure strength of tank will gradually fail with increase of debris impacting speed and debris cross-section area and with decrease of debris density. When the debris impacting speed is the same, the effect of cubic debris impact on tank stability and structure strength is more than that of cylindrical debris. When debris-impacting angle is 10° and maximun resultant acceleration of the structure is 115 m/s^2, the tank strength loss reaches the maximum, which leads tank to failure. And the effect of debris density on structure stability of tank can be neglected.