粪大肠菌群检测方法及研究进展

Test Methods and Research Progress in Fecal Coliforms

采取精确、快速、可靠的粪大肠菌群检测方法,对确保海水浴场和水产养殖的健康发展、控制流行疾病的发生传播,从而保障公众健康安全及生态平衡有重要的预报价值和科学意义。在参阅国内外大量文献的基础上,详细归纳了检测粪大肠菌群发酵法、滤膜法、酶底物法、聚合酶链式反应技术、荧光原位杂交技术、自动化检测方法等的各自的优缺点及研究进展,并认为今后一段时间内粪大肠菌群检测新技术将与传统方法并存,在新技术支持下的精确、快速、可靠、环保、低廉的检测仪器将会被研发和得到应用与普及。

Adopting the exactitude, celerity, credibility test methods of fecal coliforms has important value for forecast and the scientific meaning to ensure the development of bathing beach and aquiculture, and control the occurrence and spread of prevalent diseases, and to ensure the healthiness and safety of the public and zoology balance. Based on abroad reading literatures in and aboard, this article concludes the process and recent advances of testing fecal coliforms, including multiple-tube fermentation, membrane filter, enzyme substrate technique, polymerase chain reaction, fluorescent in situ hybridization and automation, and comparing their advantages and disadvantages. On this basis, we maintain that traditional methods and new technologies will coexist. Supported by new technology, the accurate, celerity, reliable, environmental and low detection equipment will be researched, applied and popularized.