中亚热带甜槠常绿阔叶林小气候特征分析

The microclimatic characteristics of Castanopsis eyrei in a subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest

以武夷山甜槠林生态定位站2004年气象观测数据为依据,对林内外温度、湿度、降雨量等气象要素进行对比分析。结果表明:(1)林内气温年平均日较差为8.4℃,林外空旷地年平均日较差为11.7℃。不同月份之间,林内和空旷地平均相对变差分别为0.343和0.335。(2)林内外各月份相对湿度的变化趋势基本一致。除12月与7月份,其余月份林外空旷地月平均相对湿度均大于林内,但林内高湿日数多于林外空旷地。(3)观测期间的降雨多为小雨,4、5、8月的降雨量占全年降雨量(1767.4mm)的48.36%。穿透降水随着降雨量的增加而增加,其关系式为T=0.7307P-0.4027(R2=0.9882,n=20)。所测定的林内小气候特征基本反映了该地区顶极森林群落阶段的特点。

Based on the meteorological data of 2004 in ecological long-term research station of Wuyi Mountain, the air temperature, relative humidity and rainfall were analyzed and compared between forest area and open area. The main results were indicated as follows ： （ 1 ） Annual mean diurnal range of air temperature in forest area and open area were 8.4℃ and 11.7℃ respectively. The average relative variance coefficient of forest area and open area in different months were 0. 343 and 0. 335 respectively. （2） There was the same change tendency of the relative humidity in forest area and open area. The monthly mean values of air relative humidity in open area were higher than those in forest area, except December and July. However, the days with high humidity in forest area were more than that in open area. （3） The total precipitation during study period was 1 767.4 mm. It mainly is little rain. The precipitation of April, May and August accounted for 48.36% of the total precipitation. There was significant linear relationship between throughfall and total rainfall, i.e. , T = 0. 730 7P - 0. 402 7 （ R^2 = 0. 988 2, n = 20）. The results could reflect the main character of climax community. It could be used as the theory basis for protection and reasonable management of evergreen broad- leaved forest.