去势雄兔干眼模型泪液分泌和泪膜稳定性的改变及局部雄激素治疗效果观察

Observe on changes of the tears secretion and tear film stability in castrated male rabbits xerophthalmia eye model and effects of local androgen therapy

目的观察去势雄兔泪液分泌、泪膜稳定性改变和结膜、泪腺病理组织学变化以及局部应用雄激素的治疗效果。方法健康成年雄兔18只,随机分为正常组、干眼组和治疗组,每组6只。干眼组和治疗组行双侧睾丸及附睾切除制作干眼模型。分别于去势前和去势后1、2、3、4、6、8、12周检测各组Shirmer试验、泪膜破裂时间、虎红染色;测定去势前后血清睾酮含量;同时应用光镜进行结膜、泪腺的病理组织学观察。治疗组去势后4周给予3%睾酮点双眼。结果实验6周后治疗组泪液分泌增加,泪膜破裂时间延长,与干眼组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。局部应用睾酮治疗对血清睾酮水平无明显影响(P>0.05)。治疗组泪腺及结膜组织中淋巴细胞浸润明显减少。结论去势后雄兔睾酮水平明显低下是造成干眼的原因之一,局部雄激素治疗对该型干眼有效且对全身雄激素水平无明显影响。

Objective To evaluate the effect of dropping androgen on tear secretion, tear film stability by observing the changes of ocular surface, tear film and the histopathologyical changes of conjunctiva and lacrimal gland in castrated male rabbits. Methods Eighteen adult male rabbits were divided randomly into normal group, dry eye group and treated group. Their testicel and parastata cirsoides were exsected to make dry eye model in the last two groups. The rabbits of treated group were given 3% testosterone on duplicate eyes. Sehirmer test, tear film break-up time（BUT）, rose bangle staining were performed on the eyes of each rabbit before and after experiment at 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks. The serum testosterone level was detected before and after experiment, and the histopathologyical changes of the conjunctiva and lacrimal gland were observeed by using lightscope. Results After 6 weeks of the experiment, the tear seceretion increased and the BUT extended in treatment group. There was a significance difference between dry eye group and treatmemt group （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Topical dropping androgen has no obvious effect on whole-length level of androgen（ P 〉 0.05）. Loss of the lympha cells was observed in conjuncfiva and lacrimal gland in treatmemt group. Canclution The low testosterone level of castrated male rabbits is one of the chief reasons of dry eye. Treated locally with androgen has an effect on low level androgen dry eye , but it has no obvious effect on whole-length level of androgen.