1Adell R, LekholmU, Rockier B. A 15-year study of yosseointegranted in the treatment of the edentulous jaw. Int J Oral Surg, 1981,10:387-416.
2Miyawaki S, Koyama I, Inoue M, et al, Factors associated with the stability of 3 titanimn screws placed in the posterior region for orthodontic andchorage. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 2003,124: 373-378.
6Allen F, Smith DG. An assessment of accuracy of ridgemapping in planning implant therapy for the anterior maxilla. Clin Oral Implants Res, 2000,11:34- 35.
7Lomasney LM, Steinberg MJ. Computerized imaging before patient undergo dental implantation. AJR, 1999, 172: 1439.
8Meijer HJA, Stun WHA, Bosman F. Standarized radiograghs of the alveolar crest around implants in the mandible. J Prosthet Dent, 1992,68:318-321.
9Bragger U. Digital imagining in peiodental radiography. Areview. J Clin Periodontol, 1998,15 : 551-557.
4Egolf RJ, BeGole EA, Upshaw HS. Factors associated with orthodontic patient compliance with intraoral elastic and headgear wear. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 1990,97:336-348.
5Saito S, Sugimoto N, Morohashi T, et al. Endosseous titanium implants as anchors for mesiodistal tooth movement in the beagle dog. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 2000 ,118:601-607.
6Roberts WE, Helm FR, Marshall KJ,et al. Rigid endosseous implants for orthodontic and orthopedic anchorage. Angle Orthod,1989,59:247-256.
7Odman J, Lekholm U, Jemt T,et al. Osseointegrated implants as orthodontic anchorage in the treatment of partially edentulous adult patients. Eur J Orthod, 1994,16:187-201.
8Higuchi KW, Slack JM. The use of titanium fixtures for intraoral anchorage to facilitate orthodontic tooth movement. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants, 1991,6:338-344.
9Block MS, Hoffman DR. A new device for absolute anchorage for orthodonics. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop ,1995,107:251-258.
10Wehrbein H, Feifel H, Diedrich P. Palatal implant anchorage reinforcement of posterior teeth: a prospective study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 1999,116:678-686.
6Liou EJ,Chen PH,Wang YC,et al.A computed tomographic image study on the thickness of the infrazygomatic crest of the maxilla and its clinical implications for miniscrew insertion.Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop,2007,131(3):352-356.
7Jean-Marie Korbendau, Antonio Patti.阻生牙外科联合正畸治疗[M].田岳红,赵波,译.北京:人民军医出版社,2010.
8KIM S H, CI-IOI Y S, HWANG E H, et al. Surgical posi- tioning of orthodontic mini-implants with guides fabricated on models replicated with cone-beam computed tomogra- phy [J]. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop,2007,131 (4Suppl) : $82-- $89.