美国被害人影响陈述制度的启示

The Inspiration of the Victim Impact Statement of the United States

被害人影响陈述制度在刑事被害人权利复兴的时代得到发展,提交该陈述成为被害人在量刑阶段的一项权利。美国的被害人影响陈述制度即是英美法系中被害人影响陈述制度的典型,联邦和州的立法均赋予被害人递交被害人影响陈述的权利,联邦最高法院的判例也确认了其合法性。我国刑事诉讼中缺乏刑事被害人对于量刑的利益表达机制,应当借鉴被害人影响陈述制度,构建刑事被害人的量刑建议权。

The system of victim impact statement developed during the period of the rediscovery of crime vietim＇s right. To submit that statement has been one right of the crime victim during the sentencing phase. The victim impact statement of the United States is the typical system in the Anglo - American legal system. Both of the federal and the states＇legislation granted the crime victim the right to submit the victim impact statement. The prejudication of the Federal Supreme Court also confirmed its legality. The mechanism is absent for the crime victims to express their interest in China＇s criminal process. China should establish the right to propose sentence of the crime victim using the system of victim impact statement for reference.