企业民主管理的新制度经济学视角

To View Democratic Management in the Perspective of Institutional Economics

按照新制度经济学的观点,企业存在的目的是通过降低内外部交易费用来提高经济效率。在现代经济中,随着物质资本变现能力的增强和人力资本专用性的上升,企业职工更有积极性通过民主参与方式减少自身和经营者的机会主义行为,从而降低交易费用,提高效率。企业民主管理的内容不能只停留在公平分配这一利益存量方式,而应在更为关键的提高效率这一利益增量方面。包括职工参与的企业民主管理必须是兼顾自方利益的生产力、生产关系和上层建筑的企业制度设计,这是现代企业生存和长远发展的必然要求。

According to the institutional economics, the objective of enterprises is to improve economic efficiency through depressing interior and exterior exchange expenses. In a modem economy, along with the improvement of realization ability and the in- creasing special purpose human capital, employees have more enthusiasm to reduce opportunistic behavior of themselves and of managers so as to reduce exchange expenses and improve efficiency. The content of democratic management can not be limited to the interest deposit mode of equal distribution, and that the interest increment through efficiency improvement. To design an enterprise system with democratic management and employee participation giving attention to productivity, production relations and superstructure, it is a necessary demand of long- term development of modern enterprise.