显微镜图像分析研究聚丙烯/尼龙1010共混物相结构及其性能

STUDIES ON PHASE STRUCTURES AND PROPERTIES OF POLYPROPYLENE/POLYAMIDE 1010 BLENDS BY ANALYSIS OF MICROSCOPE PHOTOGRAPHS

用扫描电子显微镜图像分析研究了聚丙烯/聚酰胺1010共混物及其部分相容体系的相形态结构,计算了表征相结构和尺寸的结构参数,如分散相的平均直径、平均弦长和分散相的质心相关距等.并分别讨论了聚丙烯/聚酰胺1010共混物及其部分相容体系的相形态以及其结构参数与共混物组成的关系.测定了聚合物及其共混物体系的力学性能,讨论了共混物组成与力学性能的关系.聚丙烯/聚酰胺1010共混物的拉伸模量与组成的关系较为复杂,但其部分相容体系的拉伸模量与组成呈线性关系.聚丙烯/聚酰胺1010及其共混物体系的屈服强度与共混物组成均呈线性关系.表征相结构的两相平均弦长比(l-1/-l2)与组成以及共混物体系力学性能与组成的关系,二者相似.同时讨论了体系力学性能随相尺寸等的变化规律.

The phase structure and morphology of the blends of polypropylene （PP）/polyamide （PA1010） and apart-compatibility system （PP/PA1010/PP-g-MAH） were analyzed by graph technique using scanning electron microscope （SEM） images. The structure parameters, such as the average diameter, d, average chord lengths, l, and distance between mass centers, D, of the dispersed phase,in PP/PA1010 and PP/PA1010/PP-g-MAH blends werecalculated. The morphology, as well as the relationship between the structure parameters and the compositions of the two blend systems was discussed. These results showed that the variation of structure parameters depended upon the compositions of blends. Simultaneously, the mechanical properties of the blends were measured. They depended on the compositions of the blends. For PP/PAIOIO blends, the relationship between the modulus and the composition was complex. Whenthe content of PP increased from 10% to 20% ,the modulus increased and the numerical value of the modulus of the blends was greater than that of PA1010. The modulus reached a minimum when the content of PP varied from 20% to 70 %. This was because a double-continuous phase appeared in this region. The modulus was constant and was close to that of PP when the content of PP was greater than 70 %. However, when PP was the dispersed phase, the yield strength had a linear relationship with the content of PP. The yield strength decreased with the increase of the content of PP in blends. For PP/PA1010/PP-g-MAH blends, the modulus changed linearly with the variation of the content of PP because of the existence of compatibilizer. The modulus increased when the content of PP increased. The yield strength changed linearly with the content of PP in PP/PA1010/PP-g-MAH blends. The yield strength decreased with the increase of the content of PP when PP was the dispersed phase whereas the yield strength increased when PA1010 was the dispersed phase. The relationship between the mechanical properties and the structure parameters, such as the ratio of average chord lengths, l1/l2, was discussed. For PP/PA 1010, l1/l2, showed linear relationship with the mechanical properties of the blends. Moreover, this relationship obeyed the same rule as that of the relationship between mechanical properties and the content of PP. For PP/PA1010/PP-g-MAH blends, l1/l2 was also linearly related with mechanical properties. The modulus increased while the yield strength decreased with the increase of l1/l2. The studies on the relationship between the mechanical properties and the average diameter of thedispersed phase showed that this relationship was complex for PP/PA1010 blends. The circumstance was different when average diameter was less than 4μm and greater than 10μm. However, for PP/PA1010/PP-g-MAH blends, the mechanical properties were linearly related with the average diameter. Both the modulus and the yield strength decreased when the average diameter increased. The experimental results also indicated that the mechanical properties had a linear relationship with the distance of mass centre, D, for both blends. In both cases, the modulus and the yield strength decreased slowly with the increase of the average diameter. Generally speaking, the phase structure parameter has a certain relationship with the mechanical properties of the blends.