西安地裂缝带的基本特征与形成机制

BASIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FISSURE ZONES IN XI′AN AND THEIR CAUSTIVE MECHANISM

用实地观察和测量资料描述了西安地裂缝带的基本特征，着重阐明了深井水位动态变化和地面不均匀沉降与地裂缝活动之间的时空关系。认为西安市区超采地下承压水导致地面大幅度下沉是西安地裂缝产生和发展的主要原因，而局部地质构造条件对地裂缝特征的形成有一定控制作用。

Basic features of the ground fissure zones which have occurred in the Xi′an city area since late 1970′s are described by using field observations and survey data. The focus is put on expounding the spatial temporal relationship between the dynamic deep well water level changes, inhomogeneous ground subsidence and ground fissure activities. It is suggested that the large scale ground subsidence induced by overextraction of confined ground water is the primary cause of the ground fissure zones in the Xi′an city while the local geological conditions play a controlling role to the development of these fissure zones.