海湾六国的可持续发展及其对中国的启示

Sustainable Development in GCC States and Its Implication on China

海湾六国的经济和社会有着许多的共同特征。从整体来看经济结构单一,主要以石油为主,普遍存在本国国民失业率高的现象。石油收入是这些国家的主要财政来源,但"石油经济"从长期来看是不可持续的,最根本的原因在于石油资源的不可再生性。海湾六国政府实行了经济多元化政策以期早日摆脱对石油的依赖,向可持续方向发展。但可持续发展并非局限在经济方面,还包括了社会和生态环境的可持续发展,即关注环保和有效利用资源。本文以海湾六国为例简析了可持续发展面临的主要问题、实施战略及影响因素,这为中国的可持续发展提供了重要启示。

The members of the Guff Cooperation Council （GCC） share similar characteristics in their economic and social developments. Not only their economic structures are dominated by oil, but also their unemployment rate of nationals is high. Oil revenue is the main financial source of GCC countries. However, the oil economy is not sustainable because the formation of oil takes more than one century. It is non-recyclable. Recognizing this deficiency, the GCC countries have implemented economic diversification policies in order to reduce .their dependence on oil wealth and work towards sustainable development in the long term. Nevertheless, sustainable development is not limited to the economic development, but encompasses a wider scope, including social development, environmental protection and effective utilization of resources. This essay takes the GCC as an example to examine main issues during the course of sustainable development, including strategies and factors affecting such development.