溴酸钾-氨水-硝酸铵溶液化学退铜

Chemical Stripping Copper in KBrO_3-NH_3·H_2O-NH_4NO_3 Solution

研究了用溴酸钾-氨水-硝酸铵溶液退除碳钢上的铜镀层。铜镀层溶解和碳钢腐蚀试验表明，硝酸铵加速退铜效果好，溶液对碳钢腐蚀性小。确定的退铜工艺为50g／L溴酸钾、325～400mL／L氨水、120～140g／L硝酸铵、温度20～40℃。溴酸钾是氧化剂；氨水与铜离子有很好的络合作用，并且提供碱性环境，使钢铁不容易腐蚀；硝酸铵增加铜的溶解速度。

The technics for chemical stripping of copper deposit on carbon steel using KBrO3- NH3 - H2O- NH4NO2 solution was investigated. The experiments on copper coating dissolution and carbon steel corrosion were performed. The results show that the better stripping effect and less corrosion to carbon steel can be obtained when adding ammonium nitrate and the optimum stripping conditions as following： 50 g/L KBrO3,325 -400 mL/L NH3 · H2O, 120 - 140 g/L NH4NO3 and temperature 20 -40℃. Ammonia functions as complexing agents for the copper （ Ⅱ ） ions and provides a alkaline solution environment and therefore prevents the carbon steel from the corrosion. Ammonium nitrate accelerates copper stripping.