基于DEM的汉中流域水文过程分布式模拟

Distributed for Hydrological process simulation in Hanzhong basin by DEM-based Distributed Hydrological Model

选择汉江上游的汉中流域为研究对象,在基于栅格DEM流域水文特征的获取和降雨空间插值的基础上,建立了基于TOPMODEL的松散耦合型结构的分布式水文模型。应用该模型对汉中流域的水文过程进行模拟,结果表明:该模型的模拟精度与集总式TOPMODEL和集总式三水源新安江模型基本相当,而且能够得到流域内部产汇流的分布状况等信息,基本上能够满足流域水资源规划与管理的需求。

The Hanzhong basin,located at the upper Hanjiang River,was selected as case study.The watershed characteristics including slope,river network and river length are extracted from the digital elevation model,and precipitation are interpolated to compute the mean areal precipitation for each sub-basin.A distributed hydrological model with a loosely coupled structure was proposed and applied to simulate the hydrological processes of the Hanzhong basin.It is shown that the efficiency of the proposed model is similar to those of the lumped TOPMODEL and the Xinanjiang model.However,only the proposed method can provide the spatial distribution of the runoff generation and flood routing process.