基于设计公理的多属性决策方法

Multi-attribute Decision-Making Method Based on Design Axioms

针对多属性决策过程中容易引起目标冲突、重复决策过程复杂等问题,对基于公理设计理论的多属性决策过程进行了研究,提出了基于独立公理的有向层次化指标分析体系和基于信息公理的方案评价方法.所建立的指标体系能够充分考虑指标的层次性和独立性,使决策者能够理清指标间的影响关系,从而降低多属性决策过程中的指标冲突.通过加入满意度计算项,对信息量的计算公式进行了改进,弥补了原有公式仅体现系统能力的不足,并给出了模糊性和非模糊性属性值信息量的计算方法.运用该评价方法,决策者根据系统信息量的大小即可判断方案的优劣.最后,通过案例验证了该方法的有效性和可行性.

To overcome the objective conflicts of multi-attribute decision-making and reduce the complicacy of repetitive decision-making, a directed hierarchy model of multiple criteria analysis based on the independence axiom and an evaluation method based on the improved information axiom were presented through investigating the decision-making process based on the axiomatic design theory. Owe to the attention to the hierarchy and independence of criteria in this model, impacts among the criteria can be analyzed distinctly and objective conflicts be reduced. The formula of calculating the information contents in the information axiom was improved by adding a term reflecting the satisfaction degree of decision-makers to remedy the shortcoming, i. e. , the original formula reflects only the ability of a system through the success probability. In addition, computation methods for the information contents of the fuzzy attribute and the crisp attribute were described. With the evaluation method, solutions can be ranked from the magnitude of system information content. Finally, a case was given to show the validity and feasibility of the proposed method.