列强与1923～1924年的中苏建交谈判

The Establishment of Diplomatic Negotiations between China and Soviet Union during 1923～1924

1917年俄国十月革命后,苏俄政府试图与中国建立外交关系以改善其外交环境,但中苏两国的建交过程因中苏两国国内形势变化及列强干涉等原因而充满曲折。1923-1924年间,中苏两国进行建交谈判,问题涉及中东铁路、治外法权及租界等旧俄在中国侵夺的权益。列强为自己的利益再次对中苏谈判进行了干涉,谈判一度陷于停顿。最后,两国于1924年5月31日签订了协定,正式建立外交关系。根据中苏协定,中国收回了部分主权与利权,但对于中东铁路及外蒙古问题仍留有悬案。

After the October Revolution in Russia in 1917, the Soviet-Russia government tried to establish the diplomatic relations with China in order to improve its diplomatic environment. But the process for the two countries＇ diplomatic ties were full of ups and downs because of the internal situations and some powerful states;interference. Between 1923 and 1924, Sino-Soviet negotiated on the establishment of diplomatic ties which touched on Middle-East Railway,Extraterritorial Jurisdiction and Settlements etc, which were trespassed by old Russia in China. But the two parties could not reach the agreement and run into deadlock. At last the two sides signed the agreements on May 31st, 1924, beginning the diplomatic relations. According to the agreements China took back part of sovereignty and rights, but Middle - East Railway and Outer Mongolia were up in the air.