双弯道溢洪道水力特性研究

Study on Hydraulic Characteristics of Double-bend Spillway

针对溢洪道受地形地质等条件的限制,在短距离内设计了两个转向相反的弯道,且弯道曲率半径小,坡降大的情况,采用模型试验和数值模拟相结合的方法对溢洪道的水力特性进行对比研究。通过试验选取斜槛法改善弯道水流,并确定了斜槛的数量、几何尺寸及布置角度。研究结果表明,通过布置斜槛,减小了横向高差,水流能均匀地进入消力池,形成稳定的水跃,较好地解决了弯道中小曲率大坡降的问题。

Based on topographic and geological eonditions of where the spillway locates, a double-bend spillway is designed with two opposite bends featuring in small curvature and large gradient in a short distance, and hydraulic characteristics of the spillway is studied by means of model test and numerical simulation. A model is applied to simulate the three-dimension turbulence flow on the spillway. In the experiment, slopping sills are used to improve flow pattern in the bends, and geometry size, number and angle of sills are determined. The study shows that slopping sills can effectively adjust the uneven distribution of flow and decrease the elevation difference of water surface in the bends, which may provide reference for similar projects.