基于光纤传感及小波分析的管道泄漏检测与定位技术

The Technology of Pipeline Leakage Detection and Location Based on Optical Fiber Sensing and Wavelet

利用一条高双折射单模光纤和一根普通单模光纤构成分布式光纤传感器,通过检测管道沿途发生的泄漏信息,可以实时地监测管道沿途发生的泄漏情况;用在时频域中具有表征信号局部特征能力的小波分析的方法确定光纤两端两个测试信号的时延,进而即可确定泄漏点的位置。文中阐述了其测试原理和泄漏点定位方法,理论分析和仿真试验结果表明,该方法可以有效提高管道泄漏测试的灵敏度和定位精度,非常适用于管道小泄漏点的检测。

This measuring sensor of distributed optical fiber is composed of one high birefringence signal mode optical fiber. The oil leakage can be detected by the sensor in real-time by measuring leaked information along pipeline, and the position of leaking point can be obtained by confirming the time delay between the two measuring signals with the wavelet analysis which is capable to represent the local characteristics of the signal in the time and frequency field. The measuring principle and the leaking point location method for this technology are described. The principle and the result of simulation test showed that this technology can greatly improve the measuring sensitivity and detecting precision of leakage location on pipeline, and the method is very applicable to detect the minimal leakage point on pipeline.