自愿婚检前后围产保健质量的变化

Changes in quality of perinatal health care before and after implement of regulation of voluntary premarital medical examination

目的探讨2003年10月新《婚姻登记条例》实施前后,婚前医学检查状况与围产保健质量的变化。方法对自愿婚检前后各4年的韶关市婚前医学检查及围产保健情况进行对比性分析。结果自愿婚检后,婚前医学检查率急剧下降(2χ=190 768.07,P<0.001),高危孕产妇检出率明显增加(2χ=369.21,P<0.001),出生缺陷发生率显著上升(2χ=88.83,P<0.001),孕产妇死亡率有所上升(2χ=4.16,P<0.05),统计学上有显著性差异。结论加强婚前保健、提高婚前医学检查率、加强孕前检查及孕期保健是提高围产保健质量的有效保障。

Objective To investigate changes in situation of premarital medical examination and quality of perinatal health care before and after implement of new 《The marriage register regulation》 （issued in Oct., 2003 ）. Methods The situations of premarital medical examination and quality of perinatal health care over 8-year period （ four years before implement of regulation of voluntary premarital medical examination and 4 years after implement of regulation of voluntary premarital medical examination） in Sbaoguan city, Guangdong province were analyzed and compared. Results After implement of regulation of voluntary premarital medical examination, the rate of premarital medical examination was sharply decreased （X^2=190768.07, P 〈 0.001 ）. Detectable rate of high risk pregnant or parturient women was significantly increased （X^2= 369.21, P 〈 0. 001 ）. The incidence rate of birth defects was evidently increased （X^2= 88.83, P 〈 0.001 ）, and maternal mortality rate was ascended （X^2= 4.16, P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion In order to improve quality of perinatal health care effectively, premarital health care should be enhanced, the coverage rate of premarital medical examination should be increased, and progestational examination and health care in pregnancy should be strengthened.