影响婴幼儿生长速率的生物学因素研究现状

Study status on biological factors influencing growth velocity of infants and young children

儿童生长速率(生长轨迹)具有反映儿童营养状况、社会经济水平、家庭喂养行为的敏感特性,能更有效地评价婴幼儿个体生长发育的进程。通过生长速率的改变,可及时发现影响婴幼儿生长的因素,因此,开展婴幼儿生长速率参考值的研究显得尤为重要。近年已开展的对婴幼儿生长速率参考值以及遗传、喂养方式、疾病、母亲孕期营养、母亲年龄和身心健康等影响婴幼儿生长速率的生物学因素研究对促进婴幼儿健康生长将产生积极的作用。该文对以往研究中影响婴幼儿生长速率的生物学因素作以综述。

The growth velocity, which is defined as ratio of actual difference of two height/weight measurements to time interval between the two measurements, is more appropriate for assessing developmental process of infants than cross-sectional growth charts. Children＇s growth velocity reflects some sensitive characteristics in children＇s nutrition, socio-economic status, and fanily feeding behavior. So, it is important to explore references of longitudinal growth velocity of infants and young children. There have been many researches on children＇s growth velocity references and biological factors influencing children＇ s growth velocity （such as heredity, feeding modes, diseases, maternal age, maternal nutrition in pregnancy, maternal psychological and physical health during pregnancy）, this may play positive roles in accelerating healthy growth of the infants. The aim of this article is to review these biological factors influencing growth velocity of infants.