黑河2004-2006年度0-4岁儿童死亡分析

A clinical analysis of mortality of children aged 0 -4 years old in Heihe city from 2004 to 2006

目的了解黑河市0-4岁儿童的主要死因，为降低儿童死亡率提供科学依据。方法对2004-2006年黑河市儿童死亡报告卡核对无误后，进行汇总分析。结果儿童死亡以婴儿死亡，特别是新生儿死亡占较高比例。232例死亡儿童中，新生儿死亡164例，占70．7％。死因多为病理状态下的新生儿，主要有早产、低出生体重、出生窒息等。结论要加强孕产期系统管理，预防早产和畸形儿的发生；加强产科建设，提高产科质量，规范产时监护，预防新生儿窒息的发生；做好新生儿期的保健，预防和控制相应疾病的发生和死亡，从而达到降低儿童死亡的目的。

Objective To investigate main death causes of children aged 0-4 years old in Heihe city, Heilongjiang province so as to provide a scientific basis for reducing mortality rate of children. Methods The mortality report cards in Heihe city from 2004-2006 were verified and analyzed retrospectively. Results In all mortalities of the children aged 0-4 years old, infantile mortality especially neonatal mortality accounted for higher proportion. Among 232 childhood mortalities, the number of mortality in neonatal period was 164, accounting for 70.7%, and the mortality occurred in those neonates with pathological states, mainly premature delivery, low birth weight, neonatal asphyxia and so on. Conclusion Systematic management in both periods of gestation and parturition should be strengthened. Premature delivery and malformed neonates should be prevented and avoided. Obstetric construction should be intensified and obstetric quality should be improved. The parturition monitoring should be standardized to prevent neonatal asphyxia. The health care in neonatal period should be done better to prevent and control related diseases and mortalities. Thus, the childhood mortality can be reduced.