柠檬酸-1，4-丁二醇-环烷酸-十八醇爪形大分子的合成、表征与降滤性质研究

The synthesis and characterization of a claw macromolecule of citric acid-tetramethylene glycol-naphthenic acid-octadecyl alcohol

以1,4-丁二醇、柠檬酸为原料,设计并首次合成了以1,4-丁二醇为核心的多羟基多酸爪状物小分子(CTC),再依次与带有功能化基团的环烷酸、十八醇接枝,合成了新型的多元酯类爪形大分子(CTC-NO).用核磁、红外光谱对合成的2种化合物进行了结构表征,表明合成产物与所设计的分子结构吻合.用元素分析确定了CTC的组成是C16H22O14.制备的CTC-NO爪形大分子不溶于水,溶于有机溶剂.将CTC-NO按600μg/g的加剂量添加于轻柴油中,其对蜡化0#柴油的冷滤点降低达6℃.

Citric acid-tetramethylene glycol-citric acid （CIE） triblock claw molecule as fuel additives was firstly applied as the diesel fuel low temperature flow improver. Some of the other molecules such as naphthenic acid and octadecyl alcohol are trapped with the abeve-synthesized claw molecule. The claw molecule, which is hydrophilic before the other molecules trapped into the suitable sites of the claw molecule, changed into soluble in diesel fuel. The composition of CTC was determined by elemental analysis. It indicated that the molecule formula of CTC was C16H22O14. Their structures were further confirmed by NMR and IR. The cold filter plugging point and the freezing point of diesel of adding the improver were measured and discussed. The experimental results showed that the new developed low-temperature flow improver not only had the claw structure as designed,but also had a good sensibility to diesel of different batch and different composition. When about 600 μg/g dosage was added in different light diesel fuel, the reduction value of cold filter plugging point was up to 6 units. It was demonstrated that the flowing property at low temperature was significantly increased.