江苏省2001年——2006年肾综合征出血热流行病学监测分析

Epidemiological surveillance on hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Jiangsu province from 2001 to 2006

目的：分析江苏省2001年-2006年肾综合征出血热（HFRS）疫情及宿主动物、人群抗体阳性率等监测资料，探讨HFRS流行因素及流行特征。方法：收集HFRS疫情资料，描述其流行病学特征；在江苏省设立固定监测点，按统一方案调查鼠密度、鼠带病毒率、带病毒鼠指数及人群抗体阳性率。结果：2001年-2006年HFRS发病率下降了37．7％。苏北地区与苏南地区发病的季节分布明显不同。苏北秋冬峰病例占全年病例的68．83％，苏南春峰占全年的52．55％。春季优势鼠种为小家鼠和褐家鼠（密度分别为1．49％和1．00％），秋季优势鼠种为黑线姬鼠（密度0．73％），混合鼠密度及优势鼠种密度均呈下降趋势。褐家鼠、黑线姬鼠、小家鼠、花背仓鼠及臭鼹鼯均监测到带毒。春季以褐家鼠及小家鼠带病毒鼠指数为高（分别为0．0125、0．0107），秋季以黑线姬鼠和臭鼹鼯带病毒鼠指数较高（分别为0．0124、0．0038）。6年内一般人群平均抗体阳性率为9．44％。结论：江苏省6年内HFRS疫情持续下降，但苏北和苏南流行特征明显不同，流行因素仍然存在。

Objective： To analyze the incidence rate , animal hosts , and human inapparent infection rate from surveillance data collected in Jiangsu province from 2001 to 2006, to approach the risk factors and epidemic characteristic of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome （HFRS）. Methods： Data on the incidence rate was collected from the whole province to describe the epidemic characteristics of HFRS. Data on the density of rats , proportion of rats with virus , index of rats with virus and the human inapparent infection rate were collected in special areas according to the standardised protocol in the project. Results： The incidence rate of HFRS reduced continuously in Jiangsu province , with a 37.7 % reduction from 2001 to 2006. There is an obvious difference of epidemic characteristics between north and south of Jiangsu. The incidence rate of autumn-winter peak in northern area is 68. 83% on basis of all-year cases, while that of spring peak in southern area is 52.55%. The main host in spring are Mus musculus and Rattus norvegicus（with a density of 1.49% and 1. 00% respectively）, while that in antumn are Apodemus agrarius（with a density of 0. 73% ）, and the density of main hosts and mixed species of rats had all reduced. It has been detected that Rattus norvegicus, Apodemus agrarius, Mus musculus, Cricetulus barabeusis and Suncus murinus are all with virus. The index of Rattus norvegicus and Mus musculus with virus in spring were 0. 0125 and 0. 0107 respectively ,while that of Apodemus agrarius and Suncus murinus with virus in autumn was 0. 0038. The average human inapparent infection rate was 9. 44% in the six years. Conclusion： The incidence rate of HFRS in Jiangsu reduced significantly from 2001 to 2006 , but there is a visible diference of epidemio-logical character between north and south area in Jiangsu province. The risk factors still widely existed： Suggesting that the surveillance progam needs to be carried out steadily in Jiangsu.