三颗针提取物对仔猪生长及肠道菌群和挥发性脂肪酸的影响

Effects of radix berberidis extract on performance,intestinal bacteria and volatile acids of piglets

【目的】探讨饲料中添加中草药三棵针提取物对断奶仔猪生长发育的影响。【方法】将64头三元杂交断奶仔猪(杜×长×大)随机分为2组,每组4个重复,每重复8头猪,分别饲喂含100 mg/kg土霉素和500 mg/kg三颗针提取物的饲粮,研究三颗针提取物对仔猪生长、肠道pH、肠道菌群和肠道挥发性脂肪酸的作用效果。【结果】与添加土霉素相比,三颗针提取物能显著提高仔猪日增重(P<0.05)、降低仔猪料重比(P<0.05)和腹泻率(P<0.05),显著增加空肠、回肠和结肠中的乳酸杆菌数量(P<0.05),降低空肠、回肠、盲肠中的大肠杆菌和回肠中的总需氧菌数量(P<0.05),显著增加仔猪空肠乙酸和总挥发性脂肪酸的含量,显著增加结肠乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、戊酸及总挥发性脂肪酸的含量(P<0.05),具有降低仔猪不同肠段pH的趋势(P>0.05)。【结论】断奶仔猪日粮中添加三颗针提取物,可以达到甚至超过添加土霉素的促生长效果,能够抑制肠道有害菌的生长,促进有益菌生长并提高仔猪肠道总挥发性脂肪酸的含量,改善仔猪肠道内环境。

[Objective] The trial was used to study the effects of adding radix berberidis abstract in piglets＇ diet. [Method] Sixty-four piglets（Duroc×Landrace×Youkshire） were divided into two groups. Each group had four repeats of eight piglets per repeat. One group was provided basic diet with 100 mg/kg oxytetracycline and another with 500 mg/kg radix berberidis extract. The effects on performance, intestinal pH,intestinal bacteria and volatile acids of piglets were studied. [Result] The results showed that adding extract of radix berberidis could increase the ADG（P〈0.05） and decrease feed/gain ratio（P〈0.05） comparing with adding oxytetracycline. The extract could increase the population of Lactobacilli in jejunum,ileum,and colon,the contents of acetate and total VFA in jejunum and each VFA in colon（P〈0.05）. It could decrease the population of Colibacillus in jejunum,ileum,and cecum（P〈0.05） ,total aerobic organisms in ileum（P〈0.05） and pH in each part（P〉0.05）. [Conclusion] The results indicated that the radix berberidis extract could promote the performance of piglets better than oxytetracycline as feed additive.The extract could regulate the pH and bacteria population in digestive tract,promoting the growth of benefit bacteria and inhibiting the harmful bacteria.