煤矿井下无线传感网络通信关键技术的研究

Research of Key Technologies of Communication for Underground Wireless Sensor Networks

煤矿井下环境监测是无线传感网络的应用之一,要求监测数据必须通过土壤、煤岩传输,这给无线通信技术提出了新的挑战。文章分析了煤矿井下无线传感网络通信技术面临的问题,证明了井下信道特性与土壤、煤岩特性,特别是与湿度相关。为降低能耗、克服高损耗,文章在分析了陆地无线传感网络的通信协议的基础上,对无线传感网络的通信协议提出了修改建议。此外,为提高网络效率和可靠性,提出了跨层管理协议的设计方法。

One of applications of wireless sensor networks is environmental monitoring for coal mine underground. It needs data from sensor in mine to be routed to surface stations through soil or rock of mine tunnels, and represents a new challenge for wireless communication. The paper analyzed the problems which communication of underground wireless sensor networks is facing with, and demonstrated that characteristic of underground channel depends on the properties of soil or rock, particularly humidity. In order to reducing dissipation of energy and overcoming high loss of underground channel, the paper put forward adaptation advice on the basis of analyzing the existing communication protocols of terrestrial wireless sensor networks. Furthermore, the paper presented a design method of cross-layered management protocol for improving efficiency and reliability of the communication networks.