嵩山主峰的形成及演变

The formation and evolution of the highest peak of Mountain Songshan,Henan,China

对河南嵩山主峰的形成和演变过程进行了分析讨论。嵩山地区地层的分布、沉积岩的岩性特征、地层间的接触关系等证据,表明从古生代直至中生代嵩山并不存在。通过对嵩山山前新生代沉积盆地沉积和作为嵩山断块山和山前断陷盆地分界的君召-太后庙断层构造岩带的研究,证明现今的嵩山应当是在印支-燕山运动中孕育,在喜马拉雅运动中出生并长高的山脉。嵩山的成长过程可分为孕育、幼年、童年和青年阶段。嵩山在形成后主峰不断向北推移,推移距离达6.5 km,隆起的铅直高度在7 km以上。嵩山和中国大地其他山脉,如喜马拉雅山、天山、昆仑山、秦岭等,是同一辈份的年青山脉。

Instead of forming in Paleozoic to Mesozoic, the highest peak of Mountain Songshan was gestated in Indosinian-Yanshanian movement, born and elevated during Himalayan movement. Evidences from the distribution of stratum, lithology of sedimentary and their contact relationships support this viewpoint. Based on the analyses of the Cenozoic foothill sedimentary basin in Mountain Songshan and the study of the Junzhao-Taihoumiao fault zone which is the boundary between fault block mountain and downfaulted basin in Songshan area, the authors belive that the formation of Mountain Songshan can be divided into four phases i. e. gestation, infancy, childhood and youth. The authors estimate that the highest peak of Mountain Songshan continuously moves towards north reach to 6. 5 km since its formation, and Mountain Songshan has uplifted more than 7 km since its naissance. So, as the same as Himalaya, Tianshan, Kunlun and Qinling mountains, Mountain Songshan is a young mountain.