“有”字比较句中的形容词

Adjectives as Can Be Used in the "you" Comparative Structure in Chinese

现代汉语中,表比较的"有"字句,其典型句式是"A+(没)有+B+C"。A、B为比较项,C可以由动词性短语、形容词或名词充当,其中形容词的使用占绝对优势。根据句子表达的口气,可以把表比较的"有"字句分为肯定式和否定式两种,肯定式中,充当C的多为量度重的单音节形容词;否定式中,位于C的是量度形容词和性状形容词,且后者出现频率略高,在表性状时,C带有明显的褒贬色彩。

In modern Chinese,the typical sentence of the comparative 'you' sentence is of the 'A+(mei)you +B+C' structure.'A' and 'B' are comparative items,'C' can be realized by a verb phrase,an adjective or a noun,and the use of adjectives plays the role of absolute superiority.According to the tone expressed by a sentence,this paper has devided the comparative 'you'sentence to affirmative form and negative form.We find out that heavy measure monosyllabic adjectives are often used in affirmative form;while in negative form,the constituents of C are usually adjectives expressing measure and nature.What is more,the later adjectives convey obvious praise or criticism sentiment.