民国时期制约私立大学发展的因素分析

An Analysis of Factors Hindering the Development of Private Colleges and Universities of China from 1912 to 1949

1912至1949年民国时期,相对稳定的政权极力充实公立高等教育,缩小了私立大学发展空间;一般国人并不十分热衷于捐助私立大学,致使私立大学不容易得到来自社会的支持;部分私立大学办学者缺乏诚信意识,办学财务混乱甚至贪污中饱,使本来就相对淡漠于社会公益事业的国人更不愿意资助私立大学。普遍性的经费短缺,成为私立大学提高办学层次与水平的瓶颈。分析上述制约私立大学健康发展的因素,可以认为,中国君主专制社会历史文化传统,是中国私立大学呈现出弱势发展状态的总根源,也是中国私立大学迥异于美英私立大学的基本原因。

From 1912 to 1949,the relatively stable regime enriched state-run HEIs;private colleges and universities did not have much room for development.The average people were not very keen on donating money to private colleges and universities,and the situation was made worse by the fact that some administrators of private colleges and universities were dishonest,and some of them even became corrupted.The shortage of funds became the bottleneck for the development of private colleges and universities.An analysis of the above-mentioned factors hindering a healthy development of private colleges and universities shows that the tradition of the monarchy of China was the major reason for the slow development of private colleges and universities of China,and for the difference between private colleges and universities of China and those of the U.K.and the U.S.A.