饲料磷水平对花生长及生化组成的影响

Effects of dietary levels of phosphorus on growth and biochemical composition of Hemibarbus maculates Bleeker

以酪蛋白-明胶为蛋白源,以磷酸二氢钾作磷源配制6种磷水平(0.32%、0.58%、0.83%、1.09%、1.35%和1.59%)的等氮等能的精制饲料,饱食投喂花(初重为7.97±0.07 g)8周,探讨饲料磷水平对花生长及全鱼、肌肉、肝脏生化成分的影响。结果显示,(1)饲料磷水平对花的增重率、饲料效率、肝体比具有显著的影响(P<0.05),当饲料磷水平从0.32%上升到0.83%时,增重率、特定生长率、饲料效率、磷沉积系数随之提高,但超过此水平后各试验组差异不显著(P>0.05)。(2)饲料中磷含量对全鱼体组成、肌肉、肝脏成分有显著影响,随磷水平的升高,鱼体脂肪逐渐降低,灰分、钙和磷含量逐渐升高,鱼体水分、粗蛋白含量无显著差异,肌肉和肝脏的脂肪与体脂变化趋势一致。试验表明饲料磷含量不足会导致鱼体营养不良、生长缓慢,建议花饲料总磷含量宜在0.83%。

A study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary phosphorus levels on growth and biochemical composition of Hemibarbus maculatus Bleeker. Six experimental isonitrogenous and isoenergetic purified diets（ casein-gelatin based） were formulated to contain 0.32% ,0.58% ,0.83% , 1.09%, 1.35%, 1.59% phosphorus with monopotassium phosphate （KH2PO4 ） as source of phosphorus. Six treatments and triplicate groups of Hemibarbus maculatus Bleeker （ initial weight 7.97 ± 0.07 g） were fed to satiation for 8 weeks. The results showed that： （ 1 ） Weight gains feed efficiency and hepatosornatic index of Hemibarbus maculatus Bleeker were affected significantly by dietary phosphorus levels （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Weight gains were improved with increase of dietary phosphorus from 0.32% to 0.83%, But when the level reached 0.83% ,the data of higher level group showed no significant difference. A similar trend was observed in the specific growthrate feed efficiency and phosphorus retention coefficient. （2） Whole body muscle and liver composition were significantly affected by the dietary phosphorus levels（ P 〈 0.05 ）. Whole body lipid contents were decreased with increasing level of dietary phosphorus, however the ash phosphorus and calcium were gradually elevated. The moisture and crude protein content were not remarkably different among treatments. The muscle and liver lipid showed similar patterns as whole body. Experiments indicated abnormal nutritional composition of body and lower growth speed feeding with insufficient phosphorus content feed. It was suggested that total phosphorus content in feed of Hemibarbus maculatus Bleeker was suitable about 0.83%.