汕头市中学生物质成瘾行为状况及干预对策

Prevalence of risk behavior related to addictive substance among middle school students in Shantou City

目的了解汕头市中学生吸烟、酗酒、吸毒以及滥用药物等物质成瘾行为流行状况。方法按整群抽样原则,抽取汕头市各种类型10所学校初一到高三共41个班2 247名学生进行无记名封闭式问卷调查。结果有37.03%的学生尝试过吸烟,14.37%的学生初次吸烟年龄<13岁,9.79%的学生近1个月内每天吸烟1支以上。54.03%的学生尝试过饮酒,2.45%的学生近1年内因喝酒而受伤。0.98%的学生近1年内服用过违禁药品。57.99%的学生有没有医嘱的情况下使用抗生素。高中学生多项物质成瘾行为的发生率显著高于初中生,男生发生率显著高于女生。因学习环境的不同多项物质成瘾行为的发生率差异有统计学意义。结论中学生物质成瘾相关行为发生率随年龄增长而提高,并且成瘾行为的发生出现低龄化趋势。应及早树立预防青少年伤害的意识,针对青少年性别、年龄、学习环境等特点,实施综合性的干预措施。

Objective To understand the status of tobacco, alcohol and addictive drug use among middle school students in Shantou City. Methods An anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among 2 247 students drawn randomly from 10 schools in Shantou City by using a clustered sampling method. Results About 37.03 % of students experienced smoking and 9.79% smoked regularly; 54.03% experienced drinking and 2.45% were injured after the drinking; 0.98 % once used illegal drugs during the last year and 57.99 % took antibiotic pills without a doctor＇ s prescription. Senior high school students and boys had higher rates of addictive substance use than junior high school students and girls, respectively. There were significant differences on rates of addictive substance use among the different types of schools. Conclusions It is necessary to develop the health education on prevention of injury according to the characteristics of students as soon as possible.