松嫩平原碱水水域对虾体重生长速度与Ca2＋、Mg2＋的关系

Correlation between growth rate of prawn in body weight and Ca^(2+) and Mg^(2+) in alkaline waters to the Songnen Plain in China

以盐碱化湖泊和池塘水进行凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannam eiBoone,1931)幼虾生长试验,探讨碱水环境对虾体重生长速度与Ca2+、Mg2+、Ca2++Mg2+质量浓度及(1/2Ca2+)/(1/2 Mg2+)的关系,为碱水水域养殖提供科学依据。结果表明,在碱度为10.32~38.50 mmol/L、盐度1.02~3.34 g/L、pH 8.5~9.5的水环境中,体长为10~20 mm的幼虾饲养27 d的体重生长速度为(0.95±0.18)mg/d,存活率(47.5±14.5)%。不同水环境存活率差异显著(P<0.01),体重生长速度差别不明显(P>0.05)。体重生长速度与环境因子间的相关性不明显。通过驯化提高幼虾对水环境的综合适应能力,是碱水水域养殖对虾的重要途径。

In order to set up the technical system of cultivating prawn in alkaline waters to the west of northeast China, to make growth experiment of juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei Boone, by way of the water in al- kaline lakes, researching the relativity between the growth of prawn and the concentration of Ca2 ＋ and Mg2 ＋, the total concentration of（Ca2＋ ＋ Mg2＋）sum and （1/2 Ca2＋ ）/（1/2 Mg2＋ ）ratio. The results showed： in the waters with alkalinity of 10.32 -38.50 mmol/L, salinity of 0. 102% - 0. 334% and pH of 8.5- 9.5, average growth rate of juvenile shrimp in body weight was 0.95 ± 0. 18 mg/d, average survival rate was 47.5 ± 14.5% , survival rate at the different waters were significantly difference from each other（ P 〈0.005 ）, growth rate were not significantly difference（ P 〉 0.05 ）, and the relativity between 4 kinds of environmental factor were all affected by negative effect of the other factors or their combinations, so that their effect levels were weakened, and the relativity between ones and growth rate were not significantly difference（ P 〉0.05 ）. Conclusion holds that increasing comprehensive adaptive capacity to water environment, survival rate and growth ability by means of raising taming technique level, and were key techniques of prawn culture in alkaline waters to the west of northeast China.