关于土地和房地产开发过程中结构与能动作用的研究思路

Structure and Agency in Land and Property Development Processes:Some Ideas for Research

本文对当前针对土地和房地产开发过程的研究以及研究方法进行了评论;指出包括制度分析、新古典区位理论、土地经济学以及马克思经济学在内的研究方法,尽管有助于我们理解土地和房地产的开发过程,却无法对上述问题的一个最基本层面做出解释,即开发者配置资源以实现特定投资目的的行为(这一点在众多房地产研究文献中被提及)以及促使不同参与者制定战略和谋求利益的更广泛的过程两者之间的关系。本文提出了一种研究方法,将有关结构与能动作用两者的理解联系起来,将问题的焦点置于资源、规则以及被参与者所认同的观念上,以便更好地了解土地和房地产开发过程,并总结了一些由此观点引申而来的关键性研究课题。

This paper reviews existing approaches to, and research on, land and property development processes. It is argued that while these approaches-institutional analysis, neo-classical location theory and land economics, and Marxist economies- provide useful directions for understanding the development process, they lack the capability to address a fundamental dimension of our understanding of development processes. This is the relation between the way actors behave in deploying resources to realize specific investments, with which much of the real estate literature is concerned, and the broader processes which drive the strategies and interests of the various actors involved. The paper proposes an approach which combines an understanding of structure and agency, focusing on the resources, rules and ideology which actors acknowledge, as a way forward to a richer understanding of land and property development processes. The paper concludes with some key research questions which follow from this perspective.