基于能值理论的衡东县生态足迹研究

Ecological Footprint in Hengdong County Based on the Energy Theory

在对传统生态足迹模型进行简要分析的基础上,提出了基于能值分析理论的生态足迹计算模型.该模型通过将生态经济系统中的各种能量流换算成对应的生物生产性土地面积,并比较计算得到的生态足迹和生态承载力,从而衡量研究区域的环境可持续发展状况.以衡东县为例,应用基于能值理论的生态足迹模型分析其2004年生态经济系统的环境状况,得到人均生态承载力为1.593 2 hm2/人,人均生态足迹为1.670 5 hm2/人,人均生态赤字为0.077 3 hm2/人,生态足迹超过生态承载力,为弱不可持续发展地区,与传统生态足迹模型的计算结果相一致.

This paper presents a new method for ecological footprint calculation based on energy analyses. The conversion of human demands on natural resources and the supply of nature services into understandable and quantifiable concepts is the main objective of this new method. Firstly, the amounts of human consumption and natural supply corresponding to six categories of ecological productive are calculated. Secondly, these amounts are conversed into common units of energy through the energy analysis. Thirdly, with this new method, the paper derives the ecological footprint and bearing capacity by dividing the energy amounts. And finally, it compares the ecological footprint with the bearing capacity to measure the environmental status of sustainability in the given region. Taking Hengdong County of Hunan Province as an example, the paper applies the modified model to the analysis of the ecological environmental situations in the year 2004. The result shows that the ecological capacity per capita is 1. 593 2 hm^2, the ecological footprint per capita is 1. 670 5 hm^2, and the ecological deficit per capita is 0. 077 3 hm^2. Therefore, the paper concludes that the ecological footprint of Hengdong County has exceeded its bearing capacity, which conforms to the calculated result from the conventional model of ecological footprint.