风力发电机组变桨距控制方法研究

Method for collective pitch control of wind turbine generator system

由于风能的能量密度低、随机性和不稳定性等特点,给大型风力发电机组的控制技术问题带来困难。该文以国产兆瓦级风力发电机组为依托,对大型风力发电机组变桨距控制技术进行研究。分析变桨距控制的基本规律,建立统一变桨和独立变桨距的设计方案和控制方法。提出一种应用于统一变桨距的模糊PID参数自整定控制器设计方案,并在MATLAB/Simulink中建立相应的仿真模块。仿真结果表明,模糊PID的统一变桨距系统能较好地实现大型风电机组对功率控制的要求。此外,利用神经网络技术,提出一种基于来流角预测的独立变桨距控制策略,并通过仿真证明其可有效地减小桨叶的气动疲劳载荷,且功率控制效果良好。通过比较发现,独立变桨距控制比统一变桨距控制的输出功率更加稳定。

Wind energy has the characteristics of lower density, random, instability and so on, which is of great realistic significance to make a deep study on control technology of wind turbines especially in large scale sets. Based on the domestic megawatt wind turbine generator system, the pitch control techniques for large scale wind turbine are deeply analyzed,and the essential regulations of pitch control was put forward in this paper. A design of fuzzy PID controller, based on self-turning parameters for collective pitch control （CPC）, was brought forward,and simulation modules were founded in MATLAB/Simulink. Simulation results show that the collective pitch control system of fuzzy PID can make the large turbine generator system control the power better. In addition, a control strategy of individual pitch control （IPC） based on inflow angle prediction was put forward using neural networks. And IPC is better than CPC by simulation. By means of comparison,individual pitch control is stabler and can effectively reduce the aerodynamic fatigue loads on blades, and its effect of power of collective pitch control is good.