农田信息传输方式现状及研究进展

Status quo and progress of data transmission and communication technology in field information acquisition

综述了国内外农田信息传输方式的现状和发展趋势。根据信号传输介质农田信息传输方式可分类为有线通信方式和无线通信方式。在有线通信方式之中,CAN总线通信方式和基于掌上电脑的通信方式是其主要形式,已被应用于农业机械多传感器集成和农田信息采集;无线通信方式可分类为长距离通信(GSM,GPRS等)和短距离通信(蓝牙、ZIGBEE、RFID等)。GSM,GPRS借助于移动通讯网络,实现了农业信息远程采集与设备远程监控。蓝牙、ZIGBEE和RFID则在温室环境监控、农业物流识别以及农产品溯源等方面显示出巨大潜力。未来农田信息系统的发展趋势将是嵌入式系统管理与控制网络化。

The progress of data transmission and communication technology in field information acquisition was reviewed, and several transmission modes classified according to wired communication techniques and wireless communication techniques were introduced. Controller Area Network（CAN） Bus and communication mode based on Personal Digital Assistant（PDA） are two major forms of wired communication techniques. They have been widely used in integration of many kinds of sensors for agriculture machinery and field information acquisition. Wireless communication techniques are divided into two types, i.e., long distance communication mode （GSM, GPRS and so on） and short distance communication mode （Bluetooth, Zigbee, RFID and so on）. GSM and GPRS can perform remote field information collection and remote control by mobile communication network. Bluetooth, Zigbee and RFID show enormous potentiality for monitoring environment of greenhouse, identifying and tracing agricultural products. In the future, the trend of the data transmission and communication technology is suggested to use embedded system and interact-based control system.