平原浅层地下水优化开发模型

THE OPTIMAL MODELS FOR PLAIN SHALLOW GROUNDWATER EXPLOITATION

我国北方干旱、半干旱区,有许多平原地区属浅层地下水纯井灌区。往往由于无计划扩充灌溉面积,盲目超采地下水,造成吊泵停灌,多次更换机泵配套,地下水下降漏斗逐年扩深和水质恶化等严重局面。显然,科学规划和合理管理井灌区,是当前农田水利基本建设和灌溉管理工作中的一项重要任务。 本文针对常规运行和控制运行两种调节方式,以多年平均净灌溉效益最高为目标,分别讨论已建纯井灌区及拟建纯井灌区浅层地下水优化开发模型,进而确定其最佳开发方案。本文以工程实例为背景,对不同运行方式的优化模型计算成果进行对比和讨论,可供类似地区在机井管理或井灌区规划设计时参考。

There arc many plains in north arid or semiarid regions of our country are well irrigation fields.Ohing to the enlarging irrigation areas without programming and cxcessing Pumpi aggroundwater unscientifically,the pumps arc suspended frenquently and replaced unwillingly, the drawdown deepened and the quality worsened year by year. It is a important task that scientifically programming and managing well irrigation fields in present water conseruancy facilities building and irrigation management.Aiming at obtaining the largest multiannual average benefi t, this paper studied plain shallow groundwater exploitation models in two ways of conuentional operation methods and controlling operation methods for well irrigation fields, where the water conservancy works have been built or will been built, thus providing us the most ra-lional groundwater developing program.The paper demonstrated and compared the results with different optimal operation models for acctual engineering projects. It can use as a reference for the similar regions in programing and managing well irrigation fields.