亚洲季风区大气热源汇的气候特征

The climatic characteristics of atmospheric heat sources/sinks over the Asian monsoon region

用1950—2005 a共56年NCEP/NCAR再分析资料和倒算法计算了全球的大气热源、热汇,分析了亚洲季风区的大气热源、热汇的基本气候特征和年变化气候特征,主要结论包括:(1)从气候平均看,亚洲季风区的南亚-热带印度洋-热带西太平洋地区是全球范围最大的大气热源区,西太平洋暖池区是最强的热源中心。(2)在亚洲季风区,大气热源、热汇的季节差异明显。从青藏高原南侧和孟加拉湾北部到中国东部和南海地区,冬季是较强的热汇区,夏季则是强的热源区;而在北太平洋中纬度和澳大利亚北部洋面上,冬季是强热源区,夏季是弱的热源或热汇。(3)亚洲季风区中,青藏高原、东亚大陆、西太平洋地区三个经度带内热源、热汇的年变化明显不同。

The global atmospheric heating sources/sinks 〈 Q1 〉 are calculated from the NCEP/ NCAR reanalysis data for 56 a from 1950 to 2005 by the thermodynamic equation, and the basic climatic characteristics and annual variations of 〈 Q1 〉 in the Asian monsoon region are examined. The results are as follows： （1）On the climatical average, the zone from the South Asian and the tropical Indian ocean to the tropical western Pacific over the Asian monsoon region is the global widest atmospheric heat source zone, and 〈 Q1 〉 is strongest in the western Pacific warm pool region. （2）The 〈 Q1 〉 in the Asian monsoon region varies greatly from season to season. The zone from the south Tibetan Plateau and the north Bengal Bay to the East China and the South China Sea is featured by relatively strong atmospheric heat sink in winter, but extremely strong atmospheric heat source in summer; however, there are strong atmospheric heat source in winter, but very weak atmospheric heat sink in summer in the mid-latitude north Pacific and the north sea of Australia. （3）The annual variations of 〈 Q1 〉 are remarkably different in the three longitude zones of Tibetan Plateau, the East Asian continent and western Pacific.