γ值的变化在超低空飞行中的重要性研究

The significance analysis of γ' s change for minimum altitude flying

近年来在通用航空超低空飞行中不乏因为各种气象原因而造成各类事故和事故征候的情况发生。对小型航空器而言,冬季的飞行事故频率往往大于其他季节。究其原因,其中一个重要问题是由于小型航空器一般都无除冰装置,而对于其飞行中可能遭遇到的低温、高湿天气来讲,尾翼和旋翼结冰是极易产生的现象。本文试图解释近地面层和低层大气的气温垂直分布特点。探索低层和近地面层大气中气温垂直变化规律,对相关人员尤其是与小型航空器飞行有关的飞行、航空气象预报、管制人员有所帮助。一般而言,γ值是指每百米空气的温度垂直递减率。

In recent years,the minimum filying hazards and hazard symptoms, which are caused by various kinds of meteorological factors, occur frequently in general aviation. As far as small-sized aircrafts are concerned, the reason why the flying hazards are often more frequent in winter than in others. The reason is that small-sized aircrafts don＇t have deicing devices generally, their tails and rotating wings are easily frozen while small-sized aircrafts encounter the weather of low temperature and heavy moisture in flying. This article tries to interprete the vertical distribution characters of air temperature at low level and near ground surface level. It is favorable to probe the vertical change regulation of air temperature at low level and near ground surface level for specialists, especially for airmen, aviation weather forecasters, air traffic controllers relating to small-sized aircrafts＇flying. Generally, γ is the vertical declining rate of air temperature per 100m.