纳米羟基磷灰石及其复合生物材料的特征及应用

Characteristics and application of nano-hydroxyapatite and its composite biomaterials

检索Pubmed数据库和中国期刊全文数据库文献,对应用较为广泛的纳米羟基磷灰石及其复合生物材料研究进展加以总结。纳米羟基磷灰石复合生物材料是在纳米羟基磷灰石中加入第二相或多相材料,以获得有利的组织学反应、满意的强度和刚性,并为组织再生合成支架材料。纳米羟基磷灰石复合生物材料大致分为纳米羟基磷灰石/天然高分子复合材料和纳米羟基磷灰石/人工高分子复合材料2类。前者包括纳米羟基磷灰石与胶原、骨形态发生蛋白、多糖类材料复合而成的生物材料,并各具特点。后者是由纳米羟基磷灰石与聚酰胺、聚酯、聚乙烯醇等多种人工高分子生物材料复合而成。在保证复合材料良好生物相容性和活性的前提下,如何使复合生物材料的降解速率与骨生长速度相匹配是组织工程材料研究中有待解决的一个主要问题。

Pubmed database and China Journal Full-text Database were both retrieved to screen out the articles, which summarize and review the advanced progress of nano-hydroxyapatite （nHA） and its composite biomaterials. The nHA biomaterials are compounded with secondary phase or multiphase materials, contributing towards favourable histological reaction, together with satisfactory intensity and rigidity. Furthermore, the biomaterials may produce the scaffold of tissue regeneration. The nHA composite biomaterials are divided into nHA/natural polymer composites and nHA/artificial polymer composites. The former consists of nHA compounded with collagen, bone morphogenetic protein and polysaccharide materials, while the latter comprises the composites of nHA/polyamide, polyester or polyvinyl alcohol. Although the biocompatibility and bioactivity of nHA composites have been ensured, it is still a problem of tissue engineering materials that how to match the degradation velocity of composite biomaterials with bone growth speed.