角膜神经相关眼病的研究进展

Current research in corneal nerve associated with ocular disease

角膜神经是眼表的重要结构,对于维持角膜正常结构和功能起着重要的作用。多种眼部手术(屈光手术、角膜移植术)、多种眼表疾病(单纯疱疹性角膜炎、干眼症)、全身疾病(糖尿病),乃至长期使用滴眼药物都将影响角膜神经的形态和功能。正常角膜神经的缺失将导致角膜的营养不良及代谢障碍。从角膜神经的解剖、生理与病理、创伤愈合与修复、与角膜神经异常有关的眼病、神经再生以及问题与展望等六个部分进行综述,便于更好地理解角膜神经的构造和功能,为更好地开展保护角膜神经工作做一铺垫。

Corneal nerve is one of the most important substances of ocular surface, which support the normal structure and function of cornea. Corneal nerve＇ s morphology and function will be affected by many factors, such as the ocular surgeries like refractive surgery and penetrating keratotransplant, and some ocular diseases such as herpes simplex keratitis and dry eye, systemic diseases like diabetes mellitus, and even utilization of eye drops for long-standing. Losing of normal morphology and function of corneal nerve will induce the dystrophy and dysbolism of cornea,so it is necessary to understand the normal and the pathologic status of corneal nerve. The anatomy, physiology and pathology of corneal nerve, wound healing and recovery of corneal nerve, the ocular diseases associated with abnormal corneal nerve, the regeneration of corneal nerve and the prospect of corneal nerve are reviewed.